What is the difference between TCP and UDP?

This question is commonly asked to gauge your technical knowledge, specifically your understanding of networking protocols. Interviewers want to assess your ability to differentiate between methods of data transmission and your comprehension of their respective characteristics. It also helps them determine if you can apply this knowledge to real-world situations, which is critical for roles involving network communications or software development.

You should explain that TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a connection-oriented protocol that ensures reliable and ordered delivery of data packets, while UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is connectionless, allowing for faster transmission with no guarantee of delivery or order. An example might be stating, 'For instance, TCP is ideal for applications like web browsing and file transfers where data integrity is crucial, whereas UDP is often used in live video or gaming where speed is paramount and occasional data loss is acceptable.' This distinction showcases your technical proficiency and understanding of application requirements.